Vaping refers to the act of inhaling and exhaling aerosol, often called vapor, produced by an electronic cigarette or similar device. These devices heat a liquid that usually contains nicotine, flavorings, and What Does Vaping Do to Your Lungs? Johns Hopkins Medicine Understanding the Risks of Vaping on Lung Health Smoking and vaping are often compared, but neither is harmless. While they work differently, both can expose the lungs to addictive nicotine and harmful chemicals that impact breathing and overall health. Smoking If you vape, you inhale a lot of harmful substances. These can damage your heart and lungs. What is Mouth to Lung Vaping? MTL Explained