Melanoma: Cancer Treatment and ResearchAbout This Hardback Melanoma is a type of skin cancer which develops in the melanocyte cells that produce melanin. Exposure to ultraviolet radiation from sunlight or tanning lamps and beds increases the risk of developing melanoma. The early signs and symptoms are the development of a new pigmented or unusual growth on the skin, and a change in an existing mole. There can be hidden melanoma under a nail, in the mouth, digestive tract, urinary tract,